Upper Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (Gastroscopy)

What is Upper Gastrointestinal Endoscopy?

Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy, also known as gastroscopy, is a procedure that uses a small flexible tube with a camera attached to examine the digestive tract. The tube can bend and move easily and has a diameter of approximately 1 cm.

At the tip of the endoscope is a magnifying lens. The other end is connected to a light source and monitor to display images. The scope is inserted through the mouth, passing down the esophagus into the stomach and the upper part of the small intestine (duodenum). The scope usually travels about 70–100 centimeters into the digestive tract.

This procedure is commonly performed to investigate symptoms such as:

• Difficulty swallowing

• Vomiting blood

• Black stools

• Upper abdominal pain or tightness

In addition, the endoscope can be used to collect tissue samples from abnormal areas for pathological examination. The procedure usually takes about 10 minutes.

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Preparation Before Endoscopy

Examination of the Esophagus, Stomach, and Upper Small Intestine

1. Do not eat or drink for 6–8 hours before the procedure.

2. Remove any removable dentures before the examination.

3. Patients should arrive at the hospital approximately 30 minutes to 1 hour before the appointment time for preparation.

4. Inform the doctor and nurse if you have any underlying medical conditions or drug allergies.

5. If you are taking blood thinners or anticoagulant medications, inform your physician, as these medications may need to be stopped at least 7 days before the procedure or according to medical advice.

6. Do not wear jewelry or valuable accessories.

7. It is recommended to have a family member or companion accompany you.

8. Sign the consent form before the procedure.

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Endoscopy Procedure

Examination of the Esophagus, Stomach, and Upper Small Intestine

1. Present your appointment card at the outpatient department.

2. Staff will guide you to the gastrointestinal endoscopy center on the 3rd floor.

3. A throat spray may be applied to reduce gagging and vomiting. In some cases, anti-anxiety medication may also be administered intravenously.

4. The doctor will ask you to lie on your left side and relax. Follow all instructions carefully during the procedure. If you feel uncomfortable, raise your hand to signal the doctor.

5. The doctor will insert the endoscope through your mouth while asking you to swallow to make insertion easier.

6. Breathe slowly and normally through your nose. Allow saliva to flow out naturally from the corner of your mouth and avoid swallowing saliva during the procedure.

7. After the examination is completed, the doctor will remove the air and gently withdraw the endoscope, marking the end of the procedure.

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Care After Endoscopy

1. Rest and remain under observation for 1–2 hours after the procedure.

2. Do not drink or eat until the numbness in your throat has worn off. Start by sipping water carefully. If choking occurs, stop drinking immediately.

3. A small amount of blood in saliva may occur, but if there is excessive bleeding, inform the doctor or nurse immediately.

4. Mild sore throat may occur after the examination.

5. Avoid spicy or strongly flavored foods.

6. Eat soft or mild foods for 2–3 days after the procedure.

7. You may resume normal activities and exercise as usual.

8. Seek medical attention immediately if you experience abnormal symptoms such as severe throat, chest, or abdominal pain, difficulty breathing, or high fever.

9. Please return for follow-up appointments as scheduled.